Example 1
EXAMPLE 1
EXAMPLE 1
The reset() function rewinds array's internal pointer to the first element and returns the value of the first array element, or FALSE if the array is empty.
Action on Entire Arrays
is_array — Finds whether
a variable is an array
Return Values
Returns TRUE if var is
an array, FALSE otherwise.
<?php
$yes = array('this',
'is', 'an array');
echo is_array($yes) ?
'Array' : 'not an Array';
echo "\n";
$no = 'this is a
string';
echo is_array($no) ?
'Array' : 'not an Array';
?>
The above example will
output:
Array
not an Array
shuffle() function
The PHP shuffle( )
function is used to randomize the order of the elements in the array. The
function assigns new keys to the elements in an array. This function introduced
in PHP 4.0.
Returns
The shuffle( ) function
returns true on success or false on failure.
<?php
$city = array(1 =>
"hyderabad", 2 => "bangalore", 3 =>
"kolkata");
shuffle($city);
print_r($city);
?>
Output- Every time
output is random
(
[0]
=>bangalore
[1]
=>hyderabad
[2]
=>kolkata
)
Adding and Removing
Array Elements
array_push() Function
The array_push()
function inserts one or more elements to the end of an array.
Note: Even if your array
has string keys, your added elements will always have numeric keys
<html>
<body>
<?php
$a=array("a"=>"red","b"=>"green");
array_push($a,"blue","yellow");
print_r($a);
?>
</body>
</html>
Array ( [a] => red
[b] => green [0] => blue [1] => yellow )
array_pop() Function
The array_pop() function
deletes the last element of an array.
<html>
<body>
<?php
$a=array("red","green","blue");
array_pop($a);
print_r($a);
?>
</body>
</html>
Array ( [0] => red
[1] => green )
array_shift() Function
The array_shift()
function removes the first element from an array, and returns the value of the
removed element.
Note: If the keys are
numeric, all elements will get new keys, starting from 0 and increases by 1
<html>
<body>
<?php
$a=array(0=>"red",1=>"green",2=>"blue");
echo
array_shift($a)."<br>";
print_r ($a);
?>
</body>
</html>
red
Array ( [0] => green
[1] => blue )
array_unshift() Function
The array_unshift()
function inserts new elements to an array. The new array values will be
inserted in the beginning of the array.
Note: Numeric keys will
start at 0 and increase by 1. String keys will remain the same.
<html>
<body>
<?php
$a=array(0=>"red",1=>"green");
array_unshift($a,"blue");
print_r($a);
?>
</body>
</html>
Array ( [0] => blue
[1] => red [2] => green )
array_splice() Function
The array_splice()
function removes selected elements from an array and replaces it with new
elements. The function also returns an array with the removed elements.
<html>
<body>
<?php
$a1=array("a"=>"red","b"=>"green","c"=>"blue","d"=>"yellow");
$a2=array("a"=>"purple","b"=>"orange");
array_splice($a1,0,2,$a2);
print_r($a1);
?>
</body>
</html>
Array ( [0] => purple
[1] => orange [c] => blue [d] => yellow )
Determining Array size
and Uniqueness
array_count() function
The count( ) function is
an inbuilt function of PHP, and it is used to count the elements of an array or
the properties of an object. This function was introduced in PHP 4.0.
Return
The count( ) function
returns the number of elements in an array.
<?php
$fruits=array("Banana","Cherry","Apple");
echo
count($fruits);
?>
Output:3
array_count_values()
function
The array_count_values()
function returns an array where the keys are the original array's values, and
the values is the number of occurrences. In other words, we can say that
array_count_values() function is used to calculate the frequency of all of the
elements of an array.
Return Type
Returns an associative
array, where the keys are the original array's values, and the values are the
number of occurrences. This function is introduced in PHP 4
<?php
$details = array(3,
"Hii", 3, "World", "Hii");
print_r(array_count_values($details));
?>
Output:
Array( [3] => 2
[Hii] => 2 [World] => 1 )
array_unique( ) function
The array_unique( )
function is an inbuilt function of PHP and it is used to remove duplicate
values from an array. This function was introduced in 4.0.1
Return
The array_unique( )
function returns the filtered array.
<?php
$news =
array("a"=>"zee", "b"=>"zee",
"c"=>"aajtak",
"d"=>"ndtv");
print_r(array_unique($news));
?>
Output:
Array
(
[a]
=> zee
[c]
=>aajtak
[d]
=>ndtv
)
list() Function
The list() function is
used to assign values to a list of variables in one operation.
Note: This function only
works on numerical arrays.
<html>
<body>
<?php
$my_array =
array("Dog","Cat","Horse");
list($a, $b, $c) =
$my_array;
echo "I have
several animals, a $a, a $b and a $c.";
?>
</body>
</html>
I have several animals,
a Dog, a Cat and a Horse.
range() Function
The range() function
creates an array containing a range of elements.
This function returns an
array of elements from low to high.
Note: If the low
parameter is higher than the high parameter, the range array will be from high
to low.
<html>
<body>
<?php
$number = range(0,5);
print_r ($number);
?>
</body>
</html>
Array ( [0] => 0 [1]
=> 1 [2] => 2 [3] => 3 [4] => 4 [5] => 5 )
array_merge() function
The array_merge( )
function is a built-in function of PHP. This function is used to merge the
elements or values of two or more arrays together into a single array. This
function was introduced in PHP 4.0.
Return Type
The array_merge( )
function returns the merged array.
<?php
$game1=array("a"=>"cricket","b"=>"hockey");
$game2=array("c"=>"football","b"=>"tennis");
print_r(array_merge($game1,$game2));
?>
Output:Array ( [a] =>
cricket [b] => tennis [c] => football )
array_intersect()
function
The array_intersect( )
function is used to Computes the intersection of arrays. It compares two or
more arrays and returns an array containing all the values of the first array
that are present in other arrays. In this operation, keys are preserved. This
function was introduced in PHP 4.0.1.
Return Type
It returns an array
containing the entries from array1 that are present in all of the other arrays.
<?php
$lang1 =
array("a" => "java", "python",
"ruby");
$lang2 =
array("b" => "java", "javascript",
"python");
$result =
array_intersect($lang1, $lang2);
print_r($result);
?>
Output:Array ( [a] =>
java [0] => python )
array_diff() function
The array_diff()
function compares two or more arrays and returns an array with the keys and
values from the first array, only if the value is not present in any of the
other arrays. This function was introduced in PHP 4.0.
Return Type:-It returns
an array containing the entries from array1 that are not present in any of the
other arrays.
<?php
$x1=array(0=>"netbeans",1=>"eclipse",2=>"bluej");
$x2=array(3=>"bluej",4=>"eclipse",5=>"intellij");
$result=array_diff($x1,$x2);
print_r($result);
?>
Output:
Array ( [0]
=> netbeans )
array_diff_assoc()
function
The array_diff_assoc()
function is used to compare an array against another array and returns the
difference. In other words, we can say that array_diff_assoc() function
compares the keys and values of two or more arrays and return an array that
contains the entries from array1 that are not present in array2 or array3. This
function was introduced in PHP 4.3.
Return Type:-Returns an
array containing all the values from array1 that are not present in any of the
other arrays.
<?php
$a1=array("1"=>"red","2"=>"green","3"=>"blue","4"=>"black");
$a2=array("1"=>"red","2"=>"blue","3"=>"green");
$result=array_diff_assoc($a1,$a2);
print_r($result);
?>
Output:-Array ( [2]
=> green [3] => blue [4] => black )
array_sum() function
The array_sum( )
function is an inbuilt function of PHP. The array_sum( ) function calculates
the sum of values in an array and returns the sum of values in an array as an
integer or float. This function was introduced in PHP 4.0.4.
Return:-The array_sum( )
function returns the sum of values.
<?php
$sum = array(13, 26, 39,
52);
print_r(array_sum($sum));
?>
Output:130
array_reverse() function
The array_reverse()
function is a inbuilt function of PHP. The array_reverse( ) function is used to
reverse the order of the elements in an array. This function was introduced in
PHP 4.0.
Return type
The array_reverse()
function returns the reversed array.
<?php
$lang =
array("a"=>"PHP","b"=>"JAVA","c"=>"PYTHON");
print_r(array_reverse($lang));
?>
Output:-Array ( [c]
=> PYTHON [b] => JAVA [a] => PHP )
array_pad() Function
The array_pad() function
inserts a specified number of elements, with a specified value, to an array.
<html>
<body>
<?php
$a=array("red","green");
print_r(array_pad($a,5,"blue"));
?>
</body>
</html>
Array ( [0] => red
[1] => green [2] => blue [3] => blue [4] => blue )
array_slice() Function
The array_slice()
function returns selected parts of an array.
<html>
<body>
<?php
$a=array("red","green","blue","yellow","brown");
print_r(array_slice($a,2));
?>
</body>
</html>
Array ( [0] => blue
[1] => yellow [2] => brown )
array_chunk() Function
The array_chunk()
function splits an array into chunks of new arrays.
<html>
<body>
<?php
$cars=array("Volvo","BMW","Toyota","Honda","Mercedes","Opel");
print_r(array_chunk($cars,2));
?>
</body>
</html>
Array ( [0] => Array
( [0] => Volvo [1] => BMW ) [1] => Array ( [0] => Toyota [1] =>
Honda ) [2] => Array ( [0] => Mercedes [1] => Opel ) )
array_filter() function
The array_filter( )
function filters the values of an array using a callback function. This
function passes each value of the input array to the callback function.
<?php
$arr1=array(1,2,6,5,10,3);
function fun($num)
{
return
$num%2==0;
}
print_r(array_filter($arr1,'fun'));
?>
Output:-Array ( [1]
=> 2 [2] => 6 [4] => 10 )
Manual Traversing
current() function
The current( ) function
is an inbuilt function of PHP, and it is used to return the value of the
current element in an array. This function was introduced in PHP 4.0.
Return Values
The current( ) function
returns the value of the current element in an array or false on empty
elements.
<?php
$array =
array("javatpoint", "udemy", "udacity",
"coursera", "edureka");
print_r(current($array));
?>
Output:-javatpoint
end() function
The end( ) function is
an inbuilt function of PHP. The end() function Set the internal pointer of an
array to its last element. This function was introduced in 4.0.
Returns:-The end( )
function returns the value of the last element in the array on success or false
if the array is empty.
<?php
$crickter =
array("sachin", "ganguly", "virat",
"sehwag");
echo
end($crickter);
?>
Output:-sehwag
next() function
The PHP next( ) function
is used to advance the internal array pointer. It advances the internal array
pointer one place forward before returning the element value. This function was
introduced in PHP 4.0.
Returns
The PHP next( ) function
returns the value of the next element in the array on success or false if there
are no more elements.
<?php
$company =
array("java", "T", "point","coding",
"every language");
echo
next($company);
?>
Output:-T
reset() function
The PHP reset( )
function is used to move the array's internal pointer to the first element.
This function was introduced in PHP 4.0.
Returns
The reset( ) function
returns the value of the first array element or false if the array is empty.
Example 1
<?php
$arr = array('sachin',
'sehwag', 'ganguly', 'rahul');
$result =
reset($arr);
print
"$result";
?>
Output:-sachin
Traversing index based array while(),for(),foreach()
While Loop
PHP while loop can be
used to traverse set of code like for loop.
It should be used if
number of iteration is not known.
While Loop Example
<?php
$n=1;
while($n<=10){
echo
"$n<br/>";
$n++;
}
?>
Output:
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
For Loop
PHP for loop can be used
to traverse set of code for the specified number of times.
It should be used if
number of iteration is known otherwise use while loop
<?php
for($n=1;$n<=10;$n++){
echo
"$n<br/>";
}
?>
Output:
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
For Each Loop
PHP for each loop is
used to traverse array elements.
<?php
$season=array("summer","winter","spring","autumn");
foreach( $season as $arr
){
echo "Season
is: $arr<br />";
}
?>
Output:
Season is: summer
Season is: winter
Season is: spring
Season is: autumn
Multidimensional Arrays
The dimension of an
array indicates the number of indices you need to select an element.
•For a two-dimensional
array you need two indices to select an element
•For a three-dimensional
array you need three indices to select an element
PHP - Two-dimensional
Arrays
A two-dimensional array
is an array of arrays (a three-dimensional array is an array of arrays of
arrays).
<?php
// PHP program to
create // multidimensional array
// Creating
multidimensional // array
$myarray = array(
//
Default key for each will
//
start from 0
array("Ankit", "Ram", "Shyam"),
array("Unnao", "Trichy", "Kanpur")
);
// Display the array
information
print_r($myarray);
?>
Output:
Array
(
[0]
=> Array
(
[0] => Ankit
[1] => Ram
[2] => Shyam
)
[1] => Array
(
[0] => Unnao
[1] => Trichy
[2] => Kanpur
)
)
Three Dimensional Array: It is the form of multidimensional array.
Initialization in Three-Dimensional array is same as that of Two-dimensional
arrays. The difference is as the number of dimension increases so the number of
nested braces will also increase.
<?php
// PHP program to creating three
// dimensional array
// Create three nested array
$myarray = array(
array(
array(1, 2),
array(3, 4),
),
array(
array(5, 6),
array(7, 8),
),
);
// Display the array
information
print_r($myarray);
?>
Output:
Array
(
[0]
=> Array
(
[0] => Array
(
[0] => 1
[1] => 2
)
[1] => Array
(
[0] => 3
[1] => 4
)
)
[1] => Array
( [0] => Array
(
[0] => 5
[1] => 6
)
[1] => Array
(
[0] => 7
[1] => 8
)
)
)
