Q2) Attempt any Four of the following.
[4×4=16]
1.
Explain
features of Joomal/Drupal.
Joomla is a
content management tool that allows users to create and maintain a web-based
application or a website using GUI operations without writing the codes.
- Management
of Content: It helps create and publish content on the web
browser. The posted articles can be organized in any way the user wants;
it supports WYSIWYG type of content creation, where you can see how it
will look before it goes online.
- User Management: Joomla
supports the creation of multiple user accounts. These accounts have
multiple user levels, so only an Admin can drastically change the site.
Joomla supports OpenID, Gmail, and LDAP for authentication too.
- Media Manager: Media
Manager in Joomla allows users to skip using FTP to upload media to the
site. Folders can be created to categorize the content of the media
better. This media can then be embedded into the pages for easy viewing
without having to be downloaded by the visitor.
- Supports for Templates: Templates
in Joomla are essential in defining your site’s appearance. You can get templates
from third parties, too, and once added to the site; you can apply a
template sitewide or just for one section of the site.
- Banner Management: It
supports setting up banners and other ads. Once configured, you can do
several clicks, impressions and set up any special URLs if you need to.
- RSS: RSS stands for Rich
Site Summary, allowing visitors to subscribe to your website and see if
there is new content on the site from an RSS Reader. It has full support
for burning feeds for users and integrating feeds to post the same content
on the website.
Advantages
1. This is easy
to install and set up. You will have a much easier time than installing
something like Drupal.
2. It supports
the installation of plugins to extend its feature set. You can set up both paid
and free plugins from the Official Joomla repository or any of the many Joomla
plugin sites.
3. It has
excellent user control options enabling you to allow or disallow site features
for users.
4. Updating the
CMS does not require any special software or digging through code.
5. These have
easy options to create hierarchies so you can navigate the site easily, even if
It has thousands of pages.
Disadvantages
1. Getting to
grips with Joomla is more complex than WordPress, Vix, or Blogspot.
2. Adding more
and more modules and templates increases the load on your server resources,
impacting its efficiency.
3. Compared to
WordPress, the number of plugins for Joomla is low; to add insult to injury,
you will find that while there may be a free WordPress plugin for your task,
the Joomla counterpart is paid.
4. It may have
some plugin compatibility issues. If you face one with your site, you must
spend time with the PHP code to solve it.
5. This is the
second most used CMS in the world, making it an easy target for automated
attacks on websites.
2.
What
is SOAP? Explain in detail.
SOAP stands for Simple Object
Access Protocol is a network platform used in a web service to
exchange or communicate data between two different machines on a network. It
uses the XML format of data to transfer messages over the HTTP protocol. In Web services, SOAP allows the
user request to interact with other programming languages. In this way, it
provides a way to communicate between applications running on different
platforms (Operating system), with programming languages and technologies used
in web service.
Characteristics of SOAP
- It is an open standard protocol used in the web service to
communicate via internet.
- It is used to broadcast a message over the network.
- It is used to call remote procedures and exchange documents.
- It can be used on any platform and can support
multi-languages. So, it is a platform and language independent.
- It uses the XML format to send messages over the HTTP
protocol.
- The structure of a SOAP message consists of an envelope,
header, and body element.
SOAP
Building Block
o The SOAP building block describes
what XML data is sent to the web service and client application. The following
diagram represents the SOAP building block.
o SOAP Header: It is an optional element
in which the header contains the credentials information such as authorization,
authentication, etc. is used during the processing of a SOAP message.
o SOAP Body: It is an important element
of the SOAP message that contains request and response information in the XML
format. It defines the actual content of the message to be sent between the
client and the webserver.
o SOAP Fault: The SOAP Fault element is
an optional element used to display an error message encountered during the transmission
of a SOAP message. It holds the status of SOAP messages and errors.
3.
Explain
XML MVC framework.
MVC is a software architectural pattern for
implementing user interfaces on computers. It divides a given application into
three interconnected parts. This is done to separate internal representations
of information from the ways information is presented to, and accepted from the
user.
- MVC stands for "Model view And
Controller".
- The main aim of MVC Architecture is
to separate the Business logic & Application data from
the USER interface.
- Different types of Architectures are
available. These are 3-tier Architecture, N-tier Architecture, MVC
Architecture, etc.
- The main advantage of Architecture is
Reusability, Security and Increasing the performance of Application.
o
Model: Database operation such as fetch data or update data etc.
o
View: End-user GUI through which user can interact with system, i.e.,
HTML, CSS.
o
Controller: Contain Business logic and provide a link between model and view.
4.
Difference
between GET and POST method.
|
GET vs POST Method in PHP |
|
|
GET is a method that sends information by appending
them to the page request. |
POST is a method that transfers information via HTTP
header. |
|
URL |
|
|
The form information is visible in the URL |
The form information is not visible in the URL |
|
Information Amount |
|
|
Limited amount of information is sent. It is less than
1500 characters. |
Unlimited amount of information is sent. |
|
Usage |
|
|
Helps to send non-sensitive data |
Helps to send sensitive data (passwords), binary data
(word documents, images)and uploading files |
|
Security |
|
|
Not very secure. |
More secure. |
|
Bookmarking the Page |
|
|
Possible to bookmark the page |
Not possible to bookmark the page |
5.
How
to create object in PHP? Explain with example.
Objects of a class are created using the new keyword.
<?php
class Fruit {
// Properties
public $name;
public $color;
// Methods
function set_name($name) {
$this->name = $name;
}
function get_name() {
return $this->name;
}
}
$apple = new Fruit();
$banana = new Fruit();
$apple->set_name('Apple');
$banana->set_name('Banana');
echo $apple->get_name();
echo "<br>";
echo $banana->get_name();
?>
6.
Write
a simple PHP program which implements AJAX for addition of two numbers.
<?php
$n1=$_GET['num1'];
$n2=$_GET['num2'];
$add=$n1+$n2;
echo "Addition Is:" .$add;
?>
<html>
<head>
<script type="text/javascript">
function Addition()
{
var ob=false;
ob=new XMLHttpRequest();
var no1=document.getElementById("no1").value;
var no2=document.getElementById("no2").value;
ob.open("GET","Que24.php?num1="+no1+"&num2="+no2);
ob.send();
ob.onreadystatechange=function()
{
if(ob.readyState==4 && ob.status==200)
document.getElementById("add").innerHTML=ob.responseText;
}
}
</script>
</head>
<body>
Enter 1st No :<input type=text id="no1">
Enter 2nd no:<input type=text id="no2">
<input type=button name=submit value=add onClick="Addition()">
<span id="add"></span>
<body>
</html>
7.
Explain
class and object with example.
· Class − This
is a programmer-defined data type, which includes local functions as well as
local data. You can think of a class as a template for making many instances of
the same kind (or class) of object.
·
Object − An
individual instance of the data structure defined by a class. You define a
class once and then make many objects that belong to it. Objects are also known
as instance.
<?php
class Fruit {
// Properties
public $name;
public $color;
// Methods
function set_name($name) {
$this->name = $name;
}
function get_name() {
return $this->name;
}
}
$apple = new Fruit();
$banana = new Fruit();
$apple->set_name('Apple');
$banana->set_name('Banana');
echo $apple->get_name();
echo "<br>";
echo $banana->get_name();
?>
8.
Explain
with example how to connect database using PHP and Ajax.
AJAX can be used for interactive communication with a database.
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